Flue expander and cutter.



V. STAVBNIK. -FLUB BXPANDER AND GUTTER. APPLICATION FILED JULY29. 1908.

91 1, 1 72. Patented Feb. 2, 1909.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 2, 1909.

Application led July 29, 1908. Serial No. 445,933.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Vieron STAvENIK, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and resident of Manseld, Richland county, State of Ohio, have invented certain newk and useful `Improvements in Flue Expanders and Cutters; and my preferred manner of carrying out the invention isset forth in theifollowing full,.clear, and exact description, terminatg with claims particularly specifying the novelty. l A

This invention relates to flue cutters, and more especially to'those employing a rotary wedge feed; and the ob'ect isto" produce an improved machine of tliis type which can be readily converted into a flue expander, as well as to produce a cutter and its support of special formwhich is adapted to. be used interchangeably with the rollers in most any of the standard types of Hue expanders. These objects are accomplished by the mechanism set forth in the following specification and illustrated in the drawings in Which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of this machine complete, showing one roller in place; Fig. 2 is aV central longitudinal section, showing one cutter and one roller in place and illustrating certain modifications of details; Fig.l

3 is a detail ofa wrench adapted for use with this machine Fig. 4 is a plan view of this machine land top view of the cutter in` position; Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5 of Fig. 2, showing two rollers and one cutter'in place; Fig. 6

is a section on the line 6of Fig. 2, showing three rollers in place; Fig. 7 is 'a detail ofthe spring; and Fig. 81s a detail in side elevation of one of the cutters, with its pin shown in dotted lines.Y p c c Referring to the drawings,'the numeral 1 designates a shell which is tubularV throughout, may be externally hexagonal as at 7, is internally threaded at its rear portion and vsmooth at its front portion, and 1n thev latter is provided with about and preferably three radial pockets 2 which have rectangular mouths and are undercutso that their walls converge outwardly as seen in the'sectional views.

The numeral 7 inv Fig. 1` designates a hexagon on the shell throughwhich it may be turned by means of awrench; whereas in Fig. 2 is shown a lever 70 having a hollow Ah ead 71 turning on the'shell' and containing a spring pawl 72 engaging teeth 73 thereon.

ring two projections 6 extend forwardly and are' preferably internally curved concentric with the periphery of the shell, their urpose being to contact with the front s eet of a boiler when the iiue is being operated upon by this machine.

Into the rear end of the shell passes a tubular screw 10 having at its rear end a head 11 which is preferably larger than its body but not so large as the outside diameter of the shell and therefore permits the removal of the ring to the rear. This head is made angular orv preferably provided with holes 12 for the insertion of one end of the tool shown in Fig. 3 so that the screw can be turned within the shell. Through the bore of the screw is j ournaled the cylindrical shank 15 of a tapered mandrel 16 having a shoulder 17 which abuts against the front end of the screw and its rear end 18 squared to be engaged by the tool shown in Fig. 3. Over this rear end and a ainst the head 11 is passed a collar 19 w ich is adapted to be held removably upon the shank by any suitable means such as a pin 20 shown in Fig. 1 or a set screw 21 shown in Fig. 2. The tapered or operative end of the mandrel 16 stands within the front end of the shell and is adapted to project through and beyond its front extremity as seen in Figs. 1 and 2.

The numeral 30 designates hardened tool steel rollers each having a slightly conical body of a little greater diameter than the mouths of the pockets 2 and adapted by the undercut walls to be held against displacement. Each roller has an annular groove 31 to permit the surplus stock of the tube to form a ridge indicating the extent of its expansion. Usually three of these rollers are provided with each machine, and when they are used without thecutter the machine becomes a flue expander. They are inserted by retracting the screw and mandrel, passing them into the front end of the shell and moving them radially outward within the pockets 2 whose undercut wallsY permit, and then feedingv the mandrel forward by turning the screw; and their taper is just such as to compensate for that, of the mandrel and present their outer edges flat against the inner wall of the due to be, expanded. Obviously the turning of the screw advances the lmandrel longitudinally and distends the rollers, while the turning of the mandrel by means of its squared end 18 rotates its tapered end inside the rollers and causes themy in turn to rotate within the line being expanded.

lthe numeral 4G designates a block of similar steel, more rectangular in cross section, and provided across its outeri'ace with grooves 41 and 49, its inner face 46 being flat and titpered slightly with respect to its outer face. The numeral 42 designates a pin preferably driven quite tightly through a hole in this block extendinglongitudinally of it just beneath its outer face, and the numeral 43 des ignates a hardened steel cutter disk standing in the groove 4l and journaled on the pin which is upset at its extremities as at 44 to hold it in place. The edge of tnis disk is sharpened as at 45, and by preference its A diameter is slightly greater than the width of the block 40 so that notches 3 are cut in the side edges of the walls of the pockets 2 as seen in Fig. 4 to accommodate said edge 45. The position of the pin which is the journal y of the disk is such that the latter projects at its upper edge beyond the outer face of the block, and projects at its side edges beyond both side walls of the block because it is a little wider. To prevent the block from falling out,v a sprin(r ring 50 is sprung into groove 9 in the shell land groove 49 in the block, than both of which it is smaller in diameter. By preference two cutters are provided with each machine so that one may be used if the other should become broken or need sharpening or repair.

To remove the disk the pin may be driven out of its position Within the block, and to replace it the pin may be inserted in the opposite direction as will be clear. The width of each block is preferably that of the narrow end of the pocket 2, and the converging side Walls of the latter will center the block within the pocket. The block also preferably has a flat tang 47 projecting from one end and loosely engaging a notch 48k formed in the corresponding end wall of the pocket radial to the axis of the shell. This tang positively prevents the turning of the block in the pocket under strain,y while yet permitting its radial adjustments and serving as a guide to prevent the block tilting under the undercut Walls of the pocket. 'lhe taper of the lower face of the block corresponds with that of the mandrel 16 whereby its outer face is caused to standv practically parallel with the outer face of the shell 1. To insert one of the blocks, the mandrel is retracted and one of the rollers removed, after which the mandrel is restored; toits original position and the block may be inserted into the empty pocket by moving it radially inward therein.

In operating this machine as a cutter,

preferably but one block is substituted for a roller and the other two rollers allowed to remain. VAThe front end of the machine is then inserted into the ilue in a manner well undern stood, after which the rotation of the manthe iiue and the edge of the disk is embedded f g into it, and thereafter the rotation of the. shell will causey the turning of the entire machine within the flue so that the latter` will be cut from its inner wall outward. During this operation the disk rotates in the act of performing the cutting, and the two rollers serve as braces at the opposite side of the machine and against the opposite inner wall of the flue, rotating upon their ownv axis and causing the rotation. of the mandrel which therefore slides over the inner face o'l' the block. It is quite possible to use two blocks and one roller, or even to use three blocks when the machine is to cut with greater rapidity. So also it is possible to remove all the blocks and substitute rollers when the machine is to be used as a 'tlue expander only, but in this instance the spring ring will not be needed as the rollers cannot fall ont of the pockets.

A striking feature of my invention consists in the fact that the block by being made rectangular and as small as possible consistent with the size of the disk may be substituted for any of the rollers in most of the standard makes of i'lue expanders now on the market. The presence of its beveled face will do no harm, even though its bevel does not correspond with that of the mandrel in the machine to which it is applied, for the fact that the cutting edge of the disk projects so far beyond its outer face will cause the cutter to Work even though the block itself may be tilted considerably in use. side walls are parallel permits its use in a machine having pockets of that shape.

Vvhile l shall of course by preference employ this type of cutter in a machine of substantially the type described, l desire it to be understood as claiming the cutter and its block alone as an essential part of this invention, providing it is made in such manner that it can be employed in standard machines of this type now on the market.

I do not limit myself tothe precise details of construction described herein, except as theyi are necessary to the successful carrying out of this general idea.

What is claimed as new is:

l. In a line expander, the combination with a shell having radial pockets and au exterior groove crossing said pockets, a tapering mandrel, and means for feeding it of blocks loosely fitting said pockets and internally tapered to conform with the taper of The fact that its v the mandrel, eachblock having two grooves of which one registers With that in the shell, a cutting disk journaled in the other groove,- and a spring ring adapted to engage said registerin grooves and of less diameter than their deptIi.

2. In a Hue expander and cutter, the combination With a shell havingv radial pockets with notches in the rear ends of their Walls, a tapoering mandrel, and means for feeding it; of locks adapted in size to said pockets and having Hat tangs loosely engaging said notches, and cutting disks journaled 1n said blocks with their cutting edges projecting beyond the outer faces thereof.

3. In a Hue expander and cutter, the combination With a shell having radial pockets With undercut Walls converging toward their mouths, a tapering mandrelmounted for rotation Within the shell, and a screw for feeding the mandrel; of rollers loosely fitting said pockets and larger than their mouths and externally conical to conform With the taper of the mandrel,.blocks of rectangular cross section adapted in size to the mouths of said pockets and tapered on their inner faces to conform with the taper of the mandrel, a cutting disk j ournaled on a pin in each block with its cutting edge projectin beyond the outer face thereof, and a radia guide for each block. y y y 4. In a Hue expander and cutter, the combination With a shell having radial pockets, a tapering mandrel mounted for rotation Within the shell, and means for feeding the mandrel; of rollers loosely fitting said pook ets and externally conical to conform with the taper of the mandrel, blocks of rectangular cross section adapted in size to said pockets and tapered on their inner faces t'o Lconform with the taper of the mandrel, the

shell having an annular groove in its outer face and the blocks having registering grooves, a spring ring of less diameter than the depthof said grooves which it removably engages, and a cutting disk journaled in each block with its cutting edge projecting beyond the outer face thereof.

5. In a Hue expander and cutter, the combination With a shell having radial pockets With notches in their side Walls, a tapering mandrel mounted for rotation Within the shell, and means for feeding the mandrel; of swage rollers loosely fitting said pockets,- blocks adapted in size to said pockets and tapered on their inner faces to conform With the taper of the mandrel, and a cutting disk journaled on a pin in each block With its cutting edge projecting beyond theA outer face thereof and its side edges proj ecting into said notches.

6. In a Hue cutter, the combination With a shell having radial pockets each With notches in its side Walls and a notch in its rear end Wall, a tapering mandrel, and means for feeding it of blocks adapted in size to said pockets, a tang rojecting from the end of each block anda apted to Ht said end notch loosely, and a cutting disk journaled in each block with its cutting edge projecting radially beyond the outer face thereof and laterally beyond the side edges thereof and standing in the side notches in said pocket.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my signature this the 20th day of July, A. D. 1908.

VICTOR STAVENIK.

Witnesses: g,

ETHEL WEAVER, y NELLIE CASEY. 

